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Dec. 13, 1927. 1,652,166

. c. P. DUBBS PROCESS FOR CONVERTING PETROLEUM OILS Filed Feb. 6

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Patented Dec, 13, 1927 1,652,166

uNirEo STATES oFFicE.

CARBON IF. DUBZBS, OF WILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

PROCESS FOR convnmme PETROLEUM oins. Application filed February 16, 1922. Serial No. 536,841,

This invention relates to improvements in may be drawnofi' through the valve 23. As

a process and apparatus for converting explained, the vapors rising through the 55 petroleum oil and refers more particularly to dephlegmator are refluxed by the cool prea process in which prior to the converting heating coil which is positioned therein. It operation the oil is relieved of any water or will be further noted that the raw oil does moisture that may be contained in the oil not come in intimate contact with the vapors either in complete or emulsified stage. but the heat interchange is efl'ected by radia- 60 The single figure is a diagrammatic side tion through the coil pipe, thus the preheatelevational view of the apparatus. ing coil becomes a distilling coil .for the Referring to the drawing, the oil to be water or moisture which is contained in the treated is introduced from any convenient oil. source through the line 1 controlled by a The vapors which are dephlegmated in 65 valve 2 and is circulated through the coil the refluxing column 4by the dephlegmating pipe 3 mounted in the dephlegmating 0r coil 3 pass over through a line 24 to a water refluxing column 4. In its circulation condenser 25. The liquid distillate flows through this coil the oil serves to reflux the down through line 26 to a receiving tank 27 vapors which rise through the dephlegmatwhich is equipped with a pressure gauge 28, ing column and in addition the raw oil is liquid level gauge 29, pressure relief valve reheated prior to its introduction to the and a liquid draw-ofi' valve 31.

eatin stage. The raw oil after being cir- By preheating the oil in this manner difli culate inthe dephlegmating column through culty which would be experienced with the the coil 3, passes down through the line 5' to formation of water vapor or steam in the a retort or st'll 6. The oil after passing oil during the conversion reaction, and durthrou h the coil in the refluxing columnis ing the heating in the coils 15 is obviated.

25 at a iigher temperature than the boiling I claim as my invention:

point of water and on being collected in the 1. A process for simultaneously dehydratstill or retort 6, permits a vaporization and ing and cracking petroleum oil, consisting in distillation of the moisture or water which passing the oil in a confined stream through is contained in the oil. This water vapor a dephlegmating zone where said oil is sub- 30 rises from the oil body and passes out jected to a temperature above the boiling through the line? to and through a condenspoint of water and wherein it acts as a a ing coil 8 and may be drawn ofl in liquid dephlegmating medium for the vapors pass- 35 form through the line9 controlled by a valve ing through said dephlegmating zone, in 10. The dry oil on the other hand, is-withthen introducing this preheated oil to an en- 35 drawn from the bottom ofthe still or relarged zone wherein the water vapors are retort 6 through the line 10 regulated by a -lieved from the oil, in discharging such throttle valve 11 and is introduced to the vapors, in continuously taking off dry oil lower leg 12 of the dephlegmator. From from said enlarged zone and passing it in a this lower extension or leg 12 a line 13 conrestricted stream through a heating zone 40 trolled by a valve 14 serves to direct the oil wherein it is raised'to a cracking temperato the heating coils 15 mounted in a furnace ture, in thence passing such heated oil to an 16 which is preferably heated by means of enlarged reaction zone, in passing the gas burners 1?. The oil after being raised evolved vapors from said zone to said deto a conversion temperature in the heating phlegmating zone, and in discharging the 45 coils 15 passes through the transfer line 18 uncondensed vapors from said dephlegmat in which is interposed a valve 19 into the ing zone for condensation and collection. expansion or va orizing chamber 20 where 2. A continuous process fort simultanethe major part 0 the conversion and vaporiously dehydrating and cracking petroleum zation takes place. The vapors evolved in oil, consisting in initially passing water- 50 this e ansion chamber ass oif through the bearing oil in a confined stream through a vapor me 21 controlled y a valve 22 to-the dephlegmating zone wherein the heat of the dephlegmating or refluxing column 4. The vapors raises the temperature of the waterliquid or unvaporized oil on the other hand bearing oil to a point sufiiciently high to cause vaporizetion of the water content of temperature, in delivering such heated oil to such oil, 1n dehvering the heated water-bean a reaction zone'from wh1ch no unvaporized ing oil into an enlarged zone wherein such oil is permitted to return to the heating zone, v10

water vapors are released, in continuously and in conveying vapors from said reaction passing the dr oil from said enlarged zo'ne zone to said dephlegmating zone.

in a restricte stream through a heating zone wherein it is subjected to a cracking CARBON P. DUBBS. 

